Modernization and Education in the Ottoman Empire

This article evaluates the Ottoman modernization process and the heritage produced by this process and taken over by the Republican Period, by focusing on the history of education. Relying on the text books of the modern schools opened during the eras of Tanzimat, Abdulhamit II, Constitution II, and the Republic, it sets forth with its different aspects and in a comparative manner the -identity- that each era tried to construct. Other issues this article dwells on are Ottomanism, Islamic-Turkish Synthesis, Turkish-Islamic Synthesis, and the developments in the fields of schooling/modernization in this sub-periods dominated by nationalism.

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